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anglais vers chinois: deco material General field: Technique / Génie
Texte source - anglais Crystal-clear and elegant
Features of product: The product is manufactured by using advanced technology abroad, being the most up-to-date kind domestically with wide applications. It is most suitable for the decoration of kitchens and toilets. The product has excellent chemical stability. The manufacturing process of such product is simple. The product comes from the mix of organic synthetic materials and the powder of natural minerals. It has excellent toughness
anglais vers chinois: arc blow welding General field: Technique / Génie
Texte source - anglais Arc blow
Arc blow refers to the metal stream being deflected from its intended path. Rather than follow the shortest path from the electrode to the work, the metal is deflected forward or backward from the direction of travel, or less frequently to the side. Arc blow results in excessive spatter, incomplete fusion, reduced welding speed, and generally lowered weld quality.
Arc blow is caused by either magnetic or thermal conditions in the arc area. Magnetic blow comes from an unbalanced magnetic field surrounding the arc. Magnetic fields are set up in a continuous series of circles perpendicular to the current path. When the fields are unbalanced, the arc bends away from the greater concentration, resulting in arc blow. This condition exists particularly with direct current because the induced fields are constant in direction. It is only minor for ac because the magnetic fields collapse as the current reverses.
Thermal arc blow results from the physics of the electric arc, which requires a hot spot on both the electrode and the workpiece to maintain a continuous flow of current in the arc stream. As the electrode moves relative to the work, the arc will tend to lag behind because it is reluctant to move to a cold spot. With manual weld, thermal arc blow is not likely to become a problem, but with higher speeds of automatic welding, thermal and magnetic arc blow are likely to become more frequent.
Methods of controlling arc blow are:
1. changing to ac current.
2. reducing welding current and keeping arc length to a minimum.
3. placing the ground connection as far as possible from the weld.
4. wrapping the ground cable around the workpiece so that the current will flow to establish a second magnetic field that neutralizes the magnetic field of the arc blow.
Electrode coatings
Electrodes used in manual welding are usually covered with a flux coating that vaporizes in the heat of the arc to form a protective gas(co2). This gas excludes nitrogen and oxygen from the molten metal, thus preventing the formation of undesirable oxides and promoting a smooth flow of molten metal. This form of shielding, now referred to as shielded metal-arc welding(SMAW) or stick-electrode welding, may consist of cellulosics or minerals or a combination of both.
Cellulosic coatings derive their name from the cellulosic materials from which they are made, such as wood pulp, sawdust, cotton, and various other compositions obtained in the manufacture of rayon. The expanding gas furnished by the burning cellulosic material acts to give a forceful digging action to the weld. Properly made, the electrode coating will burn just a bit more slowly than the core wire, forming a cup or crucible at the end of the rod that makes it easier to direct the arc. Cellulosic-coated electrode can be used in any position, but are particularly in vertical, horizontal, and overhead positions.
Mineral coatings are manufactured from natural silicates such as asbestos and clay. By adding oxides of certain refractory metals such as titanium, the harsh digging action of the arc is modified to produce one that is poor and on sheet metal where shallow penetration is desired. A large amount of slag is produced, which serves to protect and control the quality of the deposited metal as it cools. The heavy slag retards the cooling rate of the deposited metal, allowing gas to escape and slag particles to rise to the top. Cooling stresses are reduced and a more homogeneous microstructure results. Because of the large amount of slag produce, the mineral-coated electrode is used most advantageously on downward welding. Downward welding is used in making flat welds and those inclined up to
45°.
The use of iron powder has been a later addition to the electrode-coating field. The use of iron powder brought several desirable effects: after the arc is struck, the metal melts away, leaving a well-defined crucible at the end of the rod that effectively concentrations the heat and gives an automatically consistent arc length. In fact, the electrode may be just slowly dragged over the work since the coating will maintain the proper arc length. The slag that forms over the weld is often self-removing, and the appearance of the bead is improved. It also furnishes more inches of weld per electrode because the iron in the coating goes into the weld. However, because of the heavy coating, there are about half as many rods per pound.
anglais vers chinois: Electric power supply and lighting General field: Technique / Génie Detailed field: Énergie / génération d'électricité
Texte source - anglais 2.1 scope of design
Design of electric power supply and lighting for the starting-up area within logistics center.
2.2 power supply
This project belongs to second-level load. It needs two-path 35kv power supplies. The two-path power supplies are both in work at the same time backing up to each other.
2.3 power supply plan
this project will newly build a 35kv dropping station, 4 10kv substations(#1substation, #2substation, #3substation, #4substation), and transform the present 10kv substation beside the sewage treatment station.
(1) 35kv dropping station: outside the starting up area, on the side of 35kv, it will use single bus-bar section, with tie switches in-between. Within the station, there are two sets of 5000kva 35/10.5kv transformers. On the side of 10kv, main connection will be single bus-bar section, with tie switches in-between. In short future, it will supply two-path 10kv power sources to all the substations within the starting up area. In the long future, it will supply two-path 10kv power sources to all the rest of substations within logistics center.
(2) The 10kv substation originally located next to the sewage treatment station: install several new sets of 10kv switchgears. Two-path 10kv power sources will supply electricity at the same time. Main connection will be single bus-bar section on the side of 10kv. Within the station, there are two sets of 500kva 10/0.4kv transformers supplying electricity to buildings within inlet area.
(3) #1substation: located in the room lying at the head of warehouse within procurement area A. Two-path 10kv power sources will supply electricity at the same time. Main connection will be single bus-bar section on the side of 10kv. Within the station, there are two sets of 500kva 10/0.4kv transformers supplying electricity to buildings within procurement area A.
(4) #2substation: located in the room lying at the head of warehouse of CFS within transfer area. Two-path 10kv power sources will supply electricity, one in operation and one stand-by. Within the station, there are one set of 500kva 10/0.4kv transformer supplying electricity to buildings within transfer area and to lighting facilities within container transshipment station.
(5) . #3substation: located in the room lying at the head of warehouse within procurement area PA1. Two-path 10kv power sources will supply electricity at the same time. Within the station, there are two sets of 630kva 10/0.4kv transformers supplying electricity to buildings within distribution area.
(6) #4substation: located in the room lying at the head of warehouse within procurement area B. Two-path 10kv power sources will supply electricity at the same time. Main connection will be single bus-bar section on the side of 10kv. Within the station, there are two sets of 400kva 10/0.4kv transformers supplying electricity to buildings within procurement area B.
All the substations will install equipments for reactive power compensation on the side of low voltage. Power factor will be above 0.9 after compensation.
located in the 35kv dropping station will be a centralized control room (CCR)., which can fulfill such functions as telemetry, remote communications and remote control for inlet and outlet switches on the side of 35kv, inlet and outlet switches on the side of 10kv, for the outlet switches of current cabinet and bus connection cabinet on the side of 0.4kv and for the outlet switches of important electricity loads. Install RTU cabinets in all substations respectively so that all the functions of status display, measurement and control for all the inlet and outlet switches on the side of 10kv, for outlet line loop of current cabinet and bus connection cabinet on the side of 0.4kv and for outlet loop of some important electricity loads can be uploaded to CCR through local main control unit, which will form a comprehensive automation system in electricity supply within starting up area. The system will be allocated spare interfaces so that it can, in the long run, fulfill the most effective dispatching management for the whole logistics center and distribute loads reasonably.
Setup extra simulation screen connected to computer management system to ensure the operation supervisors can make a visual monitor on electric network.
2.4 capacity analysis and load calculation
For the 10kv substation originally located next to sewage treatment station, there is total installed capacity of 850.6kw within its power supply range(see table 9-1), calculated active power 610kw and calculated apparent power 664kva
anglais vers chinois (Qualification Certificate of Translation Proficien, verified) chinois vers anglais (Qualification Certificate of Translation Proficien, verified) anglais (Translators Association of China) chinois (Translators Association of China) allemand vers chinois (Beijing University)
CV/RESUME available upon request （including updated & typical major projects finished ever before)
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